Who holds ticker verified against the SEC company list on 2026-09-10 — a reviewed name-and-class mapping row, never an inferred symbol. how tickers are mapped ↗

DEVON ENERGY CORP NEW · COM · quarter ended 2026-03-31 · 17 members disclosed DVN ↗

13F filers reporting this class for the quarter ended 2026-03-31; 1–500 of 1,023 holders are listed, largest first: 1,023
sum of the reported values across every holder; NULL values are excluded, never zero-filled: $25.3B
holders whose share count rose or who opened the position (new + add), by shares: 520
holders absent this quarter after holding last quarter — inferred from absence, not a sale record: 111

Holders — quarter ended 2026-03-31

ranked by reported value · Δ shares vs 2025-12-31 · kind by shares

13F holders of DVN ranked by reported value
#	Filer	Reported value	Shares	Δ shares	Change
1	BlackRock, Inc.	$3.0B	60,507,488	−1,145,909	TRIM
2	VANGUARD CAPITAL MANAGEMENT LLC	$2.0B	40,328,127	—	NO PRIOR
3	STATE STREET CORP	$1.9B	38,564,178	+3,021,885	ADD
4	VANGUARD PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT LLC	$1.7B	34,336,786	—	NO PRIOR
5	CHARLES SCHWAB INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT INC	$965M	19,171,853	+14,044,697	ADD
6	Invesco Ltd.	$954M	18,954,661	+11,205,548	ADD
7	GEODE CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, LLC	$840M	16,751,599	−2,426,236	TRIM
8	GQG Partners LLC	$814M	16,170,345	+16,170,345	NEW
9	MORGAN STANLEY	$590M	11,726,849	+136,389	ADD
10	EnCap Investments L.P.	$534M	10,612,893	—	NO PRIOR
11	WELLINGTON MANAGEMENT GROUP LLP	$500M	9,940,941	+8,838,286	ADD
12	DIMENSIONAL FUND ADVISORS LP	$483M	9,606,131	+235,561	ADD
13	VICTORY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT INC	$460M	9,132,342	−4,784,637	TRIM
14	Egerton Capital (UK) LLP	$328M	6,525,140	+6,525,140	NEW
15	VOYA INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT LLC	$325M	6,454,532	+3,364,328	ADD
16	BANK OF AMERICA CORP /DE/	$313M	6,214,358	+223,665	ADD
17	NORTHERN TRUST CORP	$302M	6,002,224	+58,340	ADD
18	FULLER & THALER ASSET MANAGEMENT, INC.	$281M	5,578,078	−8,377,856	TRIM
19	DEUTSCHE BANK AG\	$265M	5,267,886	+1,370,633	ADD
20	UBS Group AG	$264M	5,246,532	+1,616,659	ADD
21	ARROWSTREET CAPITAL, LIMITED PARTNERSHIP	$261M	5,180,682	+2,485,603	ADD
22	AQR CAPITAL MANAGEMENT LLC	$258M	5,122,466	−437,270	TRIM
23	AMERIPRISE FINANCIAL INC	$221M	4,387,075	+972,742	ADD
24	Bank of New York Mellon Corp	$204M	4,054,952	+49,295	ADD
25	D. E. Shaw & Co., Inc.	$193M	3,834,547	+3,791,368	ADD
26	RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL INC	$182M	3,611,301	+1,603,644	ADD
27	FMR LLC	$177M	3,514,449	+687,237	ADD
28	VANGUARD FIDUCIARY TRUST CO	$176M	3,488,067	—	NO PRIOR
29	UBS AM, a distinct business unit of UBS ASSET MANAGEMENT AMERICAS LLC	$167M	3,313,186	−941,329	TRIM
30	BARCLAYS PLC	$154M	3,065,392	+105,641	ADD
31	Legal & General Group Plc	$154M	3,053,242	−162,880	TRIM
32	FRANKLIN RESOURCES INC	$143M	2,841,677	+1,453,522	ADD
33	ROYAL BANK OF CANADA	$138M	2,747,768	+518,064	ADD
34	HSBC HOLDINGS PLC	$134M	2,666,962	−1,495,156	TRIM
35	Man Group plc	$132M	2,623,313	+1,101,150	ADD
36	FIRST TRUST ADVISORS LP	$131M	2,603,593	+1,000,450	ADD
37	AMERICAN CENTURY COMPANIES INC	$128M	2,543,256	+150,073	ADD
38	Alyeska Investment Group, L.P.	$128M	2,542,788	+2,542,788	NEW
39	Amundi	$122M	2,420,484	+5,275	ADD
40	PANAGORA ASSET MANAGEMENT INC	$121M	2,405,013	−1,204,215	TRIM
41	Qube Research & Technologies Ltd	$114M	2,270,703	+1,054,301	ADD
42	CITADEL ADVISORS LLC	$102M	2,018,174	−831,510	TRIM
43	Allianz Asset Management GmbH	$91.0M	1,808,922	+486,641	ADD
44	MACKENZIE FINANCIAL CORP	$90.1M	1,791,304	+1,616,384	ADD
45	Swiss National Bank	$88.0M	1,748,939	+96,300	ADD
46	Sumitomo Mitsui Trust Group, Inc.	$85.3M	1,694,277	−60,559	TRIM
47	VOLORIDGE INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT, LLC	$83.0M	1,649,143	+1,637,345	ADD
48	Mitsubishi UFJ Asset Management Co., Ltd.	$80.6M	1,602,404	+82,436	ADD
49	SEI INVESTMENTS CO	$78.7M	1,564,010	+239,339	ADD
50	Nuveen, LLC	$78.6M	1,561,427	+32,035	ADD
51	TRUIST FINANCIAL CORP	$76.5M	1,519,486	+1,478,315	ADD
52	Vanguard Global Advisers, LLC	$74.7M	1,485,167	—	NO PRIOR
53	SCHRODER INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT GROUP	$73.1M	1,418,163	+112,215	ADD
54	WELLS FARGO & COMPANY/MN	$68.7M	1,364,318	−146,107	TRIM
55	Vinva Investment Management Ltd	$68.5M	1,326,747	+69,950	ADD
56	CALIFORNIA PUBLIC EMPLOYEES RETIREMENT SYSTEM	$66.7M	1,324,549	+149,508	ADD
57	PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL INC	$65.6M	1,303,966	−171,866	TRIM
58	VANGUARD ASSET MANAGEMENT, Ltd	$58.6M	1,163,843	—	NO PRIOR
59	National Pension Service	$58.3M	1,158,891	+1,158,891	NEW
60	SIR Capital Management, L.P.	$52.0M	1,032,736	+526,991	ADD
61	LPL Financial LLC	$50.6M	1,005,062	+130,839	ADD
62	MILLENNIUM MANAGEMENT LLC	$50.0M	994,102	−14,389	TRIM
63	Gotham Asset Management, LLC	$49.3M	979,638	+27,876	ADD
64	BANK OF MONTREAL /CAN/	$47.5M	943,926	+343,363	ADD
65	Mediolanum International Funds Ltd	$47.1M	913,694	+429,104	ADD
66	SHAPIRO CAPITAL MANAGEMENT LLC	$45.3M	899,603	+14,334	ADD
67	Susquehanna Portfolio Strategies, LLC	$44.7M	887,558	−5,300	TRIM
68	Jefferies Financial Group Inc.	$44.3M	880,024	+388,228	ADD
69	WEALTH ENHANCEMENT ADVISORY SERVICES, LLC	$43.9M	897,678	−429,852	TRIM
70	O'SHAUGHNESSY ASSET MANAGEMENT, LLC	$43.7M	868,558	+516,361	ADD
71	Korea Investment CORP	$43.4M	862,393	+187,250	ADD
72	ADAGE CAPITAL PARTNERS GP, L.L.C.	$42.3M	841,194	−3,615,098	TRIM
73	Allspring Global Investments Holdings, LLC	$40.6M	836,355	+107,497	ADD
74	CIBC WORLD MARKET INC.	$39.9M	792,458	−65,024	TRIM
75	Zurcher Kantonalbank (Zurich Cantonalbank)	$39.0M	775,498	+775,498	NEW
76	Squarepoint Ops LLC	$38.7M	769,997	−849,442	TRIM
77	PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL GROUP INC	$38.4M	762,803	+50,457	ADD
78	ENVESTNET ASSET MANAGEMENT INC	$38.3M	760,395	+668,719	ADD
79	STIFEL FINANCIAL CORP	$36.9M	732,695	−8,354	TRIM
80	JACOBS LEVY EQUITY MANAGEMENT, INC	$33.5M	666,114	−74,490	TRIM
81	ALLIANCEBERNSTEIN L.P.	$31.3M	854,608	+58,104	ADD
82	TWO SIGMA INVESTMENTS, LP	$31.0M	615,351	+512,548	ADD
83	CITIGROUP INC	$30.3M	601,467	−173,912	TRIM
84	STATE BOARD OF ADMINISTRATION OF FLORIDA RETIREMENT SYSTEM	$29.1M	578,672	0	NO CHANGE
85	KING LUTHER CAPITAL MANAGEMENT CORP	$28.8M	572,629	+93,059	ADD
86	NEW YORK STATE COMMON RETIREMENT FUND	$28.4M	565,250	+121,038	ADD
87	LAZARD ASSET MANAGEMENT LLC	$28.3M	562,059	+486,473	ADD
88	Mirae Asset Global Investments Co., Ltd.	$28.1M	557,649	+453,949	ADD
89	Quantinno Capital Management LP	$27.8M	552,469	+63,942	ADD
90	AVIVA PLC	$27.6M	548,517	+13,826	ADD
91	Walleye Trading LLC	$26.3M	521,820	+521,820	NEW
92	Encompass Capital Advisors LLC	$26.0M	517,600	+517,600	NEW
93	IEQ CAPITAL, LLC	$25.2M	501,525	−169,997	TRIM
94	Mitsubishi UFJ Trust & Banking Corp	$24.7M	491,449	−149,845	TRIM
95	NATIONAL BANK OF CANADA /FI/	$24.6M	489,663	−74,322	TRIM
96	NewEdge Wealth, LLC	$24.1M	479,681	+80,000	ADD
97	Great Lakes Retirement, Inc.	$23.3M	463,892	−23,003	TRIM
98	YACKTMAN ASSET MANAGEMENT LP	$23.1M	458,844	+26,533	ADD
99	GoodHaven Capital Management, LLC	$22.9M	454,459	−212	TRIM
100	Nepsis Inc.	$22.8M	452,403	−14,939	TRIM
101	Grantham, Mayo, Van Otterloo & Co. LLC	$22.6M	449,209	−21,314	TRIM
102	Hartree Partners, LP	$21.7M	430,383	+374,483	ADD
103	KLP KAPITALFORVALTNING AS	$20.8M	412,500	+267,400	ADD
104	Tidal Investments LLC	$20.7M	404,453	+258,949	ADD
105	Creative Planning	$20.6M	409,700	+81,523	ADD
106	Aventail Capital Group, LP	$20.0M	397,852	−587,183	TRIM
107	TEACHER RETIREMENT SYSTEM OF TEXAS	$19.9M	395,803	−276,843	TRIM
108	RWC Asset Management LLP	$19.5M	388,298	+189,856	ADD
109	JUPITER ASSET MANAGEMENT LTD	$19.0M	376,699	+376,699	NEW
110	ADAMS NATURAL RESOURCES FUND, INC.	$18.7M	372,400	+73,200	ADD
111	Aptus Capital Advisors, LLC	$18.6M	370,411	−39,479	TRIM
112	SUSQUEHANNA INTERNATIONAL GROUP, LLP	$18.6M	369,914	−944,630	TRIM
113	Zurich Insurance Group Ltd/FI	$18.2M	361,531	+361,531	NEW
114	Universal- Beteiligungs- und Servicegesellschaft mbH	$17.7M	352,647	+16,441	ADD
115	Empowered Funds, LLC	$17.5M	347,250	−299,284	TRIM
116	Mariner, LLC	$17.5M	347,202	−121,195	TRIM
117	Varma Mutual Pension Insurance Co	$17.4M	345,070	0	NO CHANGE
118	STATE OF WISCONSIN INVESTMENT BOARD	$17.3M	343,832	+19,961	ADD
119	STOREBRAND ASSET MANAGEMENT AS	$17.2M	342,159	—	NO PRIOR
120	Aberdeen Group plc	$16.8M	334,393	−24,504	TRIM
121	Cetera Investment Advisers	$16.8M	334,138	+9,900	ADD
122	MANUFACTURERS LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY, THE	$16.4M	326,757	−40,282	TRIM
123	Parallax Volatility Advisers, L.P.	$16.4M	358,605	+358,605	NEW
124	Cerity Partners LLC	$16.2M	321,350	−40,396	TRIM
125	Chevy Chase Trust Holdings, LLC	$15.4M	305,569	−12,521	TRIM
126	GRANDFIELD & DODD, LLC	$15.3M	304,957	+7,379	ADD
127	Rockefeller Capital Management L.P.	$15.3M	303,490	+4,614	ADD
128	JANE STREET GROUP, LLC	$15.2M	301,703	+228,818	ADD
129	MERCER GLOBAL ADVISORS INC /ADV	$15.1M	299,451	+140,932	ADD
130	NOMURA ASSET MANAGEMENT INTERNATIONAL INC.	$15.1M	299,140	+299,140	NEW
131	Daiwa Securities Group Inc.	$14.8M	294,751	+143,736	ADD
132	Guinness Asset Management LTD	$14.5M	288,320	+80,177	ADD
133	CANTOR FITZGERALD INVESTMENT ADVISORS L.P.	$14.4M	287,108	+2,684	ADD
134	Robeco Institutional Asset Management B.V.	$14.4M	285,328	−82,833	TRIM
135	RPG Investment Advisory, LLC	$14.1M	280,534	−4,171	TRIM
136	Vanguard Investments Australia, Ltd.	$14.1M	279,289	—	NO PRIOR
137	WEDGE CAPITAL MANAGEMENT L L P/NC	$13.9M	276,351	+5,240	ADD
138	NOMURA ASSET MANAGEMENT CO LTD	$13.8M	273,957	+40,332	ADD
139	Rafferty Asset Management, LLC	$13.8M	273,890	+31,615	ADD
140	ROYAL LONDON ASSET MANAGEMENT LTD	$13.7M	271,722	−6,274	TRIM
141	Pathstone Holdings, LLC	$13.4M	267,267	+2,181	ADD
142	Janus Henderson Group Ltd.	$13.2M	262,096	+234,498	ADD
143	Sanctuary Advisors, LLC	$13.1M	260,599	−2,380	TRIM
144	TD ASSET MANAGEMENT INC	$13.0M	259,334	+1,182	ADD
145	Wealthfront Advisers LLC	$12.6M	251,157	+3,074	ADD
146	BLAIR WILLIAM & CO/IL	$12.6M	251,102	−248,548	TRIM
147	Qsemble Capital Management, LP	$12.5M	248,860	+222,318	ADD
148	Asset Management One Co., Ltd.	$12.4M	246,831	−4,116	TRIM
149	CWM, LLC	$12.1M	240,109	−31,798	TRIM
150	Pictet Asset Management Holding SA	$12.0M	239,239	−3,194	TRIM
151	Aquatic Capital Management LLC	$11.8M	235,347	+235,347	NEW
152	OSAIC HOLDINGS, INC.	$11.7M	232,557	−57,641	TRIM
153	Focus Partners Wealth	$11.6M	230,900	−34,769	TRIM
154	FEDERATED HERMES, INC.	$11.5M	228,029	−7,050	TRIM
155	STATE OF MICHIGAN RETIREMENT SYSTEM	$11.1M	220,991	−2,200	TRIM
156	Ensign Peak Advisors, Inc	$11.1M	220,263	+123,696	ADD
157	FIFTH THIRD BANCORP	$10.8M	214,246	+179,636	ADD
158	COMMONWEALTH EQUITY SERVICES, LLC	$10.7M	213,299	+4,055	ADD
159	BNP Paribas Asset Management Holding S.A.	$10.5M	207,981	−370,135	TRIM
160	QRG CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC.	$10.5M	207,698	+66,473	ADD
161	PUBLIC EMPLOYEES RETIREMENT SYSTEM OF OHIO	$10.3M	205,432	−434	TRIM
162	JENNISON ASSOCIATES LLC	$10.3M	205,385	+205,385	NEW
163	CANADA PENSION PLAN INVESTMENT BOARD	$10.2M	203,000	−13,808	TRIM
164	Pekin Hardy Strauss, Inc.	$10.2M	202,198	−44,311	TRIM
165	ExodusPoint Capital Management, LP	$10.1M	200,606	+200,606	NEW
166	Cambria Investment Management, L.P.	$9.9M	196,472	+196,472	NEW
167	CONTRAVISORY INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT, INC.	$9.9M	196,012	+196,012	NEW
168	Illinois Municipal Retirement Fund	$9.8M	194,773	+26,209	ADD
169	State of New Jersey Common Pension Fund D	$9.8M	194,414	0	NO CHANGE
170	U.S. Capital Wealth Advisors, LLC	$9.7M	192,846	+75,744	ADD
171	Curi Capital, LLC	$9.5M	188,650	−2,004	TRIM
172	MUTUAL OF AMERICA CAPITAL MANAGEMENT LLC	$9.4M	187,265	−1,762	TRIM
173	1832 Asset Management L.P.	$9.3M	185,487	+38,250	ADD
174	Resona Asset Management Co.,Ltd.	$9.2M	182,825	+2,483	ADD
175	CREDIT AGRICOLE S A	$9.1M	180,043	−42,444	TRIM
176	Swiss Life Asset Management Ltd	$9.1M	179,904	+137,718	ADD
177	PKO BP BANKOWY Universal Pension Society JSC	$8.9M	177,491	0	NO CHANGE
178	PUBLIC SECTOR PENSION INVESTMENT BOARD	$8.9M	176,455	+16,681	ADD
179	INTECH INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT LLC	$8.9M	176,204	+142,454	ADD
180	TORONTO DOMINION BANK	$8.8M	175,692	−25,808	TRIM
181	KWMG, LLC	$8.6M	171,006	+2,719	ADD
182	Czech National Bank	$8.5M	168,926	+3,516	ADD
183	COMPASS CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC	$8.2M	163,198	−2,634	TRIM
184	IFM Investors Pty Ltd	$8.1M	161,953	+14,924	ADD
185	Arizona State Retirement System	$8.1M	161,929	−3,346	TRIM
186	WINTON GROUP Ltd	$8.1M	161,480	−592,793	TRIM
187	CIBC Asset Management Inc	$8.1M	160,897	+1,087	ADD
188	Philip James Wealth Mangement, LLC	$8.0M	158,530	−2,838	TRIM
189	ProShare Advisors LLC	$7.5M	149,895	−14,259	TRIM
190	NFJ INVESTMENT GROUP, LLC	$7.5M	148,114	0	NO CHANGE
191	FOUNDATION RESOURCE MANAGEMENT INC	$7.4M	147,762	+19,935	ADD
192	Vanguard Personalized Indexing Management, LLC	$7.4M	146,959	+5,584	ADD
193	CIBC Bancorp USA Inc.	$7.4M	146,943	—	NO PRIOR
194	HighTower Advisors, LLC	$7.3M	145,077	−7,803	TRIM
195	MetLife Investment Management, LLC	$7.3M	144,701	−5,451	TRIM
196	MIRAE ASSET GLOBAL ETFS HOLDINGS Ltd.	$7.2M	143,614	+78,627	ADD
197	GLENMEDE TRUST CO NA	$7.1M	140,155	+60,390	ADD
198	XPONANCE LLC	$6.9M	136,468	+51,411	ADD
199	Insight Wealth Strategies, LLC	$6.9M	136,395	+136,395	NEW
200	Marex Group Ltd	$6.8M	135,665	+128,063	ADD
201	OPPENHEIMER & CO INC	$6.8M	135,373	−5,972	TRIM
202	DnB Asset Management AS	$6.8M	134,397	+11,842	ADD
203	XTX Topco Ltd	$6.7M	132,824	+124,046	ADD
204	Eliot Finkel Investment Counsel, LLC	$6.7M	132,170	+20	ADD
205	Retirement Systems of Alabama	$6.6M	131,719	−1,728	TRIM
206	NewEdge Advisors, LLC	$6.6M	130,940	+130,940	NEW
207	Corient Private Wealth LLC	$6.6M	132,022	−114,249	TRIM
208	United Super Pty Ltd in its capacity as Trustee for the Construction & Building Unions Superannuation Fund	$6.5M	129,600	+129,600	NEW
209	M&G Plc	$6.5M	130,235	−11,900	TRIM
210	ALLIANZ SE	$6.5M	128,569	+128,569	NEW
211	AIA Group Ltd	$6.4M	128,115	+27,503	ADD
212	Kerusso Capital Management LLC	$6.4M	127,232	−9,046	TRIM
213	Sand Grove Capital Management LLP	$6.3M	125,960	+125,960	NEW
214	Brookwood Investment Group LLC	$6.3M	125,461	−23,304	TRIM
215	Engineers Gate Manager LP	$6.3M	124,223	+124,223	NEW
216	PRUDENTIAL PLC	$6.2M	122,902	+122,902	NEW
217	BANK OF NOVA SCOTIA	$6.2M	122,782	−109,298	TRIM
218	BERNZOTT CAPITAL ADVISORS	$6.1M	122,210	+19,189	ADD
219	Steward Partners Investment Advisory, LLC	$6.1M	121,980	+39,960	ADD
220	OPAL CAPITAL LLC	$6.1M	121,543	+121,543	NEW
221	Legacy CG, LLC	$6.1M	121,314	+1,427	ADD
222	Woodline Partners LP	$6.1M	120,537	+13,955	ADD
223	Kestra Advisory Services, LLC	$6.0M	119,953	+20,727	ADD
224	Inspire Investing, LLC	$6.0M	119,865	+53,141	ADD
225	COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA PUBLIC SCHOOL EMPLS RETRMT SYS	$6.0M	119,486	−26,427	TRIM
226	PINNBROOK CAPITAL MANAGEMENT LP	$6.0M	118,292	+118,292	NEW
227	WATERS PARKERSON & CO., LLC	$5.9M	117,974	−10,587	TRIM
228	Concurrent Investment Advisors, LLC	$5.9M	116,728	−13,863	TRIM
229	Elo Mutual Pension Insurance Co	$5.9M	116,692	+116,692	NEW
230	GUGGENHEIM CAPITAL LLC	$5.8M	115,955	+23,891	ADD
231	Murphy Pohlad Asset Management LLC	$5.8M	115,357	+1,820	ADD
232	Intrinsic Edge Capital Management LLC	$5.7M	112,804	0	NO CHANGE
233	TrueMark Investments, LLC	$5.5M	109,973	+109,973	NEW
234	NEOS Investment Management LLC	$5.4M	107,162	+2,257	ADD
235	RITHOLTZ WEALTH MANAGEMENT	$5.3M	105,230	+38,408	ADD
236	Utah Retirement Systems	$5.2M	104,127	0	NO CHANGE
237	BALYASNY ASSET MANAGEMENT L.P.	$5.0M	100,159	−738,678	TRIM
238	GREENWOOD CAPITAL ASSOCIATES LLC	$5.0M	99,117	+10,246	ADD
239	MKP Capital Management, L.L.C.	$4.8M	95,093	+95,093	NEW
240	Rakuten Investment Management, Inc.	$4.7M	90,839	+9,344	ADD
241	D.A. DAVIDSON & CO.	$4.7M	92,927	+801	ADD
242	PINNACLE ASSOCIATES LTD	$4.6M	91,950	−8,475	TRIM
243	FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF OMAHA	$4.6M	89,935	+89,935	NEW
244	Slagle Financial, LLC	$4.6M	90,789	−121	TRIM
245	OMERS ADMINISTRATION Corp	$4.6M	90,647	+13,115	ADD
246	Sumitomo Mitsui DS Asset Management Company, Ltd	$4.5M	89,783	+503	ADD
247	Bank Julius Baer & Co. Ltd, Zurich	$4.5M	87,467	+87,467	NEW
248	Gunderson Capital Management LLC	$4.5M	89,457	+89,457	NEW
249	US BANCORP \DE\	$4.5M	89,453	−29,713	TRIM
250	Assenagon Asset Management S.A.	$4.5M	88,577	−264,237	TRIM
251	Vident Advisory, LLC	$4.4M	87,503	+49,269	ADD
252	Morningstar Investment Management LLC	$4.3M	86,151	+29,124	ADD
253	NEW YORK LIFE INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT LLC	$4.3M	86,053	+161	ADD
254	CALIBER WEALTH MANAGEMENT, LLC / KS	$4.3M	85,823	+708	ADD
255	CWA Asset Management Group, LLC	$4.2M	83,634	+21,848	ADD
256	BRITISH COLUMBIA INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT Corp	$4.1M	82,152	−24,691	TRIM
257	OAK ASSOCIATES LTD /OH/	$4.1M	80,487	+80,487	NEW
258	Robinson Value Management, Ltd.	$3.9M	78,149	−1,430	TRIM
259	NISSAY ASSET MANAGEMENT CORP /JAPAN	$3.9M	77,777	+201	ADD
260	CacheTech Inc.	$3.9M	77,602	−8,016	TRIM
261	Baker Avenue Asset Management, LP	$3.9M	77,261	+417	ADD
262	READYSTATE ASSET MANAGEMENT LP	$3.9M	76,766	+76,766	NEW
263	BRIDGEWAY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, LLC	$3.8M	76,000	0	NO CHANGE
264	L2 Asset Management, LLC	$3.8M	75,366	+75,366	NEW
265	YOUSIF CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, LLC	$3.7M	73,535	−3,400	TRIM
266	Scott & Selber, Inc.	$3.7M	73,533	−144	TRIM
267	JB Capital LLC	$3.6M	72,172	−20,480	TRIM
268	OREGON PUBLIC EMPLOYEES RETIREMENT FUND	$3.6M	70,984	−800	TRIM
269	Palouse Capital Management, Inc.	$3.5M	70,235	−33,092	TRIM
270	Private Advisor Group, LLC	$3.5M	69,800	−34,793	TRIM
271	COZAD ASSET MANAGEMENT INC	$3.5M	68,945	+7,000	ADD
272	Palo Duro Investment Partners, LP	$3.5M	68,901	+8,629	ADD
273	MML INVESTORS SERVICES, LLC	$3.4M	68,068	+5,671	ADD
274	Sequoia Financial Advisors, LLC	$3.4M	67,924	+4,727	ADD
275	UniSuper Management Pty Ltd	$3.3M	65,921	−8,875	TRIM
276	Baird Financial Group, Inc.	$3.3M	65,753	+65,753	NEW
277	GLOBALT Investments LLC / GA	$3.3M	65,603	+65,603	NEW
278	Adams Wealth Management	$3.3M	65,365	−9,096	TRIM
279	MACQUARIE GROUP LTD	$3.3M	65,174	−4,022	TRIM
280	NISA INVESTMENT ADVISORS, LLC	$3.2M	64,550	−4,756	TRIM
281	Merit Financial Group, LLC	$3.2M	64,127	+583	ADD
282	LMCG INVESTMENTS, LLC	$3.2M	63,206	+6,858	ADD
283	Volterra Technologies LP	$3.2M	62,908	+62,908	NEW
284	Scissortail Wealth Management, LLC	$3.1M	62,099	+7,594	ADD
285	Royal Fund Management, LLC	$3.1M	61,765	−9,188	TRIM
286	Eurizon Capital SGR S.p.A.	$3.1M	61,278	−14,471	TRIM
287	CoreCommodity Management, LLC	$3.1M	61,221	−12,347	TRIM
288	Westerkirk Capital Inc.	$3.0M	60,600	−2,700	TRIM
289	Ethic Inc.	$2.9M	58,310	+4,411	ADD
290	NORDEA INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT AB	$2.9M	56,376	+6,955	ADD
291	HOERTKORN RICHARD CHARLES	$2.9M	57,185	−49,490	TRIM
292	Caprock Group, LLC	$2.8M	56,392	+13,698	ADD
293	NATIXIS	$2.8M	56,230	−88,865	TRIM
294	Arkfeld Wealth Strategies, L.L.C.	$2.7M	60,212	−145	TRIM
295	Moran Wealth Management, LLC	$2.7M	53,391	+10,870	ADD
296	KMG FIDUCIARY PARTNERS, LLC	$2.6M	52,150	−856	TRIM
297	Pine Valley Investments Ltd Liability Co	$2.6M	51,553	+42,465	ADD
298	FIRST MANHATTAN CO. LLC.	$2.6M	51,282	+1,032	ADD
299	LGT Fund Management Co Ltd.	$2.6M	51,000	+51,000	NEW
300	Summit Trail Advisors, LLC	$2.5M	50,527	+3,372	ADD
301	Larson Financial Group LLC	$2.5M	49,938	−500	TRIM
302	SHELTON CAPITAL MANAGEMENT	$2.4M	47,825	−14,280	TRIM
303	DANSKE BANK A/S	$2.4M	47,725	−46,096	TRIM
304	Orion Porfolio Solutions, LLC	$2.4M	47,610	−9,967	TRIM
305	&PARTNERS	$2.3M	46,756	+12,045	ADD
306	INTERNATIONAL ASSETS INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT, LLC	$2.3M	48,200	−1,928	TRIM
307	FLPUTNAM INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT CO	$2.3M	46,264	−2,117	TRIM
308	Jackson Hole Capital Partners, LLC	$2.3M	45,936	+2,365	ADD
309	Fisher Asset Management, LLC	$2.3M	45,242	−2,773	TRIM
310	Federation des caisses Desjardins du Quebec	$2.2M	44,567	+15,927	ADD
311	EagleClaw Capital Managment, LLC	$2.2M	44,400	−1,075	TRIM
312	UNITED CAPITAL FINANCIAL ADVISORS, LLC	$2.2M	44,353	+44,353	NEW
313	Laird Norton Wetherby Trust Company, LLC	$2.2M	44,180	+301	ADD
314	DC Investments Management, LLC	$2.2M	44,128	−36,509	TRIM
315	BOS Asset Management, LLC	$2.2M	42,935	+42,935	NEW
316	Centric Wealth Management	$2.2M	42,047	+4,266	ADD
317	USS Investment Management Ltd	$2.2M	42,786	0	NO CHANGE
318	Investment Management Corp of Ontario	$2.1M	42,662	−8,585	TRIM
319	Mraz, Amerine & Associates, Inc.	$2.1M	42,649	−134	TRIM
320	STEPHENS INC /AR/	$2.1M	42,223	−26,227	TRIM
321	HUSSMAN STRATEGIC ADVISORS, INC.	$2.1M	42,000	0	NO CHANGE
322	DSG Capital Advisors, LLC	$2.1M	41,176	+10,093	ADD
323	Norinchukin Bank, The	$2.1M	40,967	−550	TRIM
324	EXCHANGE TRADED CONCEPTS, LLC	$2.1M	40,771	+16,339	ADD
325	Caitong International Asset Management Co., Ltd	$2.0M	40,414	+40,414	NEW
326	Brooklyn Investment Group	$2.0M	40,231	+18,571	ADD
327	HEALTHCARE OF ONTARIO PENSION PLAN TRUST FUND	$2.0M	38,973	−1,871,992	TRIM
328	Ellis Investment Partners, LLC	$2.0M	38,825	−2,199	TRIM
329	Canal Capital Management, LLC	$1.9M	38,361	−138,855	TRIM
330	Howard Capital Management, LLC	$1.9M	38,208	+7,052	ADD
331	MIZUHO SECURITIES USA LLC	$1.9M	37,498	−8,178	TRIM
332	Pallas Capital Advisors LLC	$1.9M	37,308	−3,842	TRIM
333	Lummis Asset Management, LP	$1.9M	37,142	+2,203	ADD
334	TWIN CAPITAL MANAGEMENT INC	$1.9M	37,078	+22	ADD
335	World Investment Advisors	$1.8M	36,764	−10,152	TRIM
336	NOMURA HOLDINGS INC	$1.8M	36,341	+4,515	ADD
337	Uniplan Investment Counsel, Inc.	$1.8M	36,161	−1,374	TRIM
338	Quantbot Technologies LP	$1.8M	36,053	+36,053	NEW
339	S&T BANK/PA	$1.8M	35,958	−23,441	TRIM
340	CULBERTSON A N & CO INC	$1.8M	35,920	−900	TRIM
341	HARTFORD INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT CO	$1.8M	35,403	−779	TRIM
342	Fairtree Asset Management (Pty) Ltd	$1.7M	34,640	+34,640	NEW
343	111 Capital	$1.7M	34,467	+34,467	NEW
344	Belpointe Asset Management LLC	$1.7M	34,218	+14,564	ADD
345	MGO ONE SEVEN LLC	$1.7M	34,201	+5,171	ADD
346	INDEPENDENT FINANCIAL GROUP, LLC	$1.7M	33,637	—	NO PRIOR
347	Clearstead Advisors, LLC	$1.7M	33,425	+2,696	ADD
348	Autumn Glory Partners, LLC	$1.7M	33,365	−1,510	TRIM
349	RFG Advisory, LLC	$1.7M	33,196	−1,008	TRIM
350	CSS LLC/IL	$1.7M	33,006	+33,006	NEW
351	Savant Capital, LLC	$1.7M	32,844	+4,443	ADD
352	J.W. COLE ADVISORS, INC.	$1.7M	32,793	−11,232	TRIM
353	WEALTH EFFECTS LLC	$1.6M	32,650	+500	ADD
354	44 WEALTH MANAGEMENT LLC	$1.6M	32,537	−1,589	TRIM
355	WESTWOOD HOLDINGS GROUP INC	$1.6M	32,145	+9,583	ADD
356	Metis Global Partners, LLC	$1.6M	32,138	−2,276	TRIM
357	MEEDER ASSET MANAGEMENT INC	$1.6M	31,496	+3,980	ADD
358	NLB Skladi, upravljanje premozenja, d.o.o.	$1.6M	31,450	+31,450	NEW
359	Paragon Capital Management LLC	$1.6M	31,319	−432	TRIM
360	Maryland State Retirement & Pension System	$1.6M	31,188	0	NO CHANGE
361	Clear Harbor Asset Management, LLC	$1.6M	31,175	+125	ADD
362	Spartan Wealth Advisory Services LLC	$1.6M	31,007	—	NO PRIOR
363	Apollon Wealth Management, LLC	$1.6M	30,843	−16	TRIM
364	Summit Financial, LLC	$1.5M	30,385	+1,676	ADD
365	Candriam S.C.A.	$1.5M	30,306	+447	ADD
366	NORTHWESTERN MUTUAL WEALTH MANAGEMENT CO	$1.5M	30,244	+3,573	ADD
367	SPROTT INC.	$1.5M	30,174	+10,735	ADD
368	Pinnacle Financial Partners, Inc.	$1.5M	30,158	−383	TRIM
369	BANCO BILBAO VIZCAYA ARGENTARIA, S.A.	$1.5M	29,865	−175,837	TRIM
370	COOKSON PEIRCE & CO INC	$1.5M	30,039	+30,039	NEW
371	HB Wealth Management, LLC	$1.5M	29,897	+2,634	ADD
372	PROFUND ADVISORS LLC	$1.5M	29,340	+7,413	ADD
373	HEADINVEST, LLC	$1.5M	29,170	0	NO CHANGE
374	denkapparat Operations GmbH	$1.5M	29,156	+10,072	ADD
375	LVW Advisors, LLC	$1.5M	29,051	+29,051	NEW
376	ARMOR ADVISORS, L.L.C.	$1.5M	29,000	+29,000	NEW
377	VAN DEN BERG MANAGEMENT I, INC	$1.5M	28,973	−286	TRIM
378	Advisors Asset Management, Inc.	$1.5M	28,903	−61,227	TRIM
379	Stanley-Laman Group, Ltd.	$1.4M	28,651	+2,505	ADD
380	SILVER OAK SECURITIES, INCORPORATED	$1.4M	28,619	+2,712	ADD
381	DAVENPORT & Co LLC	$1.4M	27,951	+1,908	ADD
382	TOKIO MARINE ASSET MANAGEMENT CO LTD	$1.4M	27,846	0	NO CHANGE
383	QUADRANT CAPITAL GROUP LLC	$1.4M	27,786	−278	TRIM
384	Investors Research Corp	$1.4M	27,775	0	NO CHANGE
385	Monaco Asset Management SAM	$1.4M	27,500	−2,500	TRIM
386	Johnson Financial Group, Inc.	$1.4M	27,070	−381	TRIM
387	CAPITAL ADVISORS INC/OK	$1.4M	26,905	+3,197	ADD
388	LAZARI CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC.	$1.4M	26,857	−470	TRIM
389	Bedell Frazier Investment Counselling, LLC	$1.3M	26,826	−4,231	TRIM
390	M&T BANK CORP	$1.3M	26,580	+166	ADD
391	Sage Capital Advisors,llc	$1.3M	26,513	+26,513	NEW
392	COMMERCE BANK	$1.3M	26,324	+1,810	ADD
393	Moors & Cabot, Inc.	$1.3M	26,070	−1,292	TRIM
394	Headlands Technologies LLC	$1.3M	26,061	+26,061	NEW
395	Keeler Thomas Management LLC	$1.3M	26,036	−2,047	TRIM
396	Brevan Howard Capital Management LP	$1.3M	25,912	+19,494	ADD
397	Dakota Wealth Management	$1.3M	25,825	−19,876	TRIM
398	McKinney Capital Management, LLC	$1.3M	25,783	—	NO PRIOR
399	Focus Partners Advisor Solutions, LLC	$1.3M	25,777	−16,911	TRIM
400	Tweedy, Browne Co LLC	$1.3M	25,622	+9,057	ADD
401	KESTRA PRIVATE WEALTH SERVICES, LLC	$1.3M	25,581	−928	TRIM
402	Maven Securities LTD	$1.3M	25,544	+10,141	ADD
403	MidFirst Bank	$1.3M	25,446	+132	ADD
404	Citizens National Bank Trust Department	$1.3M	25,435	+6,662	ADD
405	MUFG Securities EMEA plc	$1.3M	25,429	−918,388	TRIM
406	Ascent Group, LLC	$1.3M	25,417	+4,789	ADD
407	Qtron Investments LLC	$1.3M	25,295	+25,295	NEW
408	Kamunting Street Capital Management, L.P.	$1.3M	25,000	+25,000	NEW
409	EP Wealth Advisors, LLC	$1.3M	24,945	−2,878	TRIM
410	180 WEALTH ADVISORS, LLC	$1.2M	24,700	−546	TRIM
411	Z3 Capital Partners, LLC	$1.2M	24,300	—	NO PRIOR
412	WORLDQUANT MILLENNIUM ADVISORS LLC	$1.2M	24,162	+24,162	NEW
413	MANNING & NAPIER ADVISORS LLC	$1.2M	23,523	−5,494	TRIM
414	OUTFITTERS FINANCIAL LLC	$1.2M	24,000	0	NO CHANGE
415	PKO Investment Management Joint-Stock Co	$1.2M	23,461	+9,600	ADD
416	Schonfeld Strategic Advisors LLC	$1.2M	23,346	+13,633	ADD
417	Legacy Capital Group California, Inc.	$1.2M	22,966	+9,191	ADD
418	Centiva Capital, LP	$1.2M	22,880	+22,880	NEW
419	EVOLVE PRIVATE WEALTH, LLC	$1.1M	22,773	−2,425	TRIM
420	COLDSTREAM CAPITAL MANAGEMENT INC	$1.1M	22,757	+654	ADD
421	Fortis Capital Advisors, LLC	$1.1M	22,474	+22,474	NEW
422	CHOREO, LLC	$1.1M	22,473	−1,290	TRIM
423	Regal Partners Ltd	$1.1M	22,230	+22,230	NEW
424	Beacon Pointe Advisors, LLC	$1.1M	22,186	+11,948	ADD
425	GREENLEAF TRUST	$1.1M	22,156	−226	TRIM
426	Saudi Central Bank	$1.1M	21,997	+21,997	NEW
427	B. Metzler seel. Sohn & Co. AG	$1.1M	21,900	0	NO CHANGE
428	Gallacher Capital Management LLC	$1.1M	21,791	+21,791	NEW
429	Crossmark Global Holdings, Inc.	$1.1M	21,716	—	NO PRIOR
430	Bleakley Financial Group, LLC	$1.1M	21,694	+1,367	ADD
431	AlphaCore Capital LLC	$1.1M	21,688	+7,903	ADD
432	J. Safra Sarasin Holding AG	$1.1M	21,622	+7,433	ADD
433	Cornerstone Wealth Management, LLC	$1.1M	21,503	−695	TRIM
434	Everhart Financial Group, Inc.	$1.1M	21,260	+2,165	ADD
435	WNY Asset Management, LLC	$1.1M	21,218	—	NO PRIOR
436	DUMONT & BLAKE INVESTMENT ADVISORS LLC	$1.1M	21,201	−451	TRIM
437	Walleye Capital LLC	$1.1M	21,158	−50,943	TRIM
438	Allworth Financial LP	$1.0M	20,738	+705	ADD
439	Interval Partners, LP	$1.0M	20,722	+20,722	NEW
440	Waverly Advisors, LLC	$1.0M	20,709	+1,013	ADD
441	Empirical Finance, LLC	$1.0M	20,552	−36	TRIM
442	Stratos Wealth Partners, LTD.	$1.0M	20,548	+545	ADD
443	Kestra Investment Management, LLC	$1.0M	20,446	+20,446	NEW
444	Sterling Capital Management LLC	$1.0M	20,402	−15,976	TRIM
445	Thoma Capital Management LLC	$1.0M	20,296	+861	ADD
446	Total Wealth Planning & Management, Inc.	$1.0M	20,187	−648	TRIM
447	Lansing Street Advisors	$1.0M	20,150	+20,150	NEW
448	Farringdon Capital, Ltd.	$1.0M	20,132	+10,339	ADD
449	VISTA INVESTMENT PARTNERS LLC	$1.0M	20,104	−7,998	TRIM
450	Plato Investment Management Ltd	$1.0M	19,910	0	NO CHANGE
451	NORTHWESTERN MUTUAL INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT COMPANY, LLC	$999K	19,847	−196	TRIM
452	SAPIENT CAPITAL LLC	$997K	19,821	+2,870	ADD
453	MCGUIRE CAPITAL ADVISORS INC	$990K	19,680	−646	TRIM
454	Gateway Wealth Partners, LLC	$979K	19,463	+19,463	NEW
455	GAGNON SECURITIES LLC	$959K	19,066	−45	TRIM
456	Jacobi Capital Management LLC	$953K	18,941	+185	ADD
457	Sunpointe, LLC	$948K	18,837	+18,837	NEW
458	Callan Family Office, LLC	$937K	18,613	−685	TRIM
459	COWA, LLC	$935K	18,572	−992	TRIM
460	Venture Visionary Partners LLC	$924K	18,371	+2,834	ADD
461	NFSG Corp	$920K	18,291	+15,358	ADD
462	Prospera Financial Services Inc	$916K	18,192	−6,617	TRIM
463	North Dakota State Investment Board	$892K	17,734	−3,580	TRIM
464	Perigon Wealth Management, LLC	$886K	17,602	+5,810	ADD
465	Meiji Yasuda Asset Management Co Ltd.	$871K	17,305	+2,742	ADD
466	MUFG SECURITIES AMERICAS INC.	$864K	17,163	+263	ADD
467	William B. Walkup & Associates, Inc.	$863K	23,084	−1,173	TRIM
468	Accurate Wealth Management, LLC	$863K	18,056	−6,805	TRIM
469	CHIRON CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, LLC	$858K	17,054	—	NO PRIOR
470	White Knight Strategic Wealth Advisors, LLC	$850K	16,887	−1,855	TRIM
471	GATEWAY INVESTMENT ADVISERS LLC	$849K	16,869	+9,732	ADD
472	SECURIAN ASSET MANAGEMENT, INC	$847K	16,826	−231	TRIM
473	Savvy Advisors, Inc.	$846K	16,805	+1,466	ADD
474	State of Wyoming	$844K	16,777	−470	TRIM
475	OXFORD ASSET MANAGEMENT LLP	$840K	16,687	+10,818	ADD
476	MARK SHEPTOFF FINANCIAL PLANNING, LLC	$839K	16,450	−350	TRIM
477	AssuredPartners Investment Advisors, LLC	$837K	16,865	+16,865	NEW
478	Independent Advisor Alliance	$837K	16,630	+942	ADD
479	ASHTON THOMAS SECURITIES, LLC	$835K	16,599	+16,599	NEW
480	FLAGSHIP HARBOR ADVISORS, LLC	$833K	16,553	+16,553	NEW
481	Security National Bank	$817K	16,230	−81	TRIM
482	Vontobel Holding Ltd.	$812K	16,143	+716	ADD
483	Cresset Asset Management, LLC	$800K	15,902	+2,369	ADD
484	AE Wealth Management LLC	$795K	15,796	−590	TRIM
485	Pingora Partners LLC	$795K	15,791	−400	TRIM
486	CHILDRESS CAPITAL ADVISORS, LLC	$792K	15,731	−26,558	TRIM
487	SIGNATUREFD, LLC	$789K	15,671	+517	ADD
488	MAI Capital Management	$784K	15,574	+2,649	ADD
489	Compound Planning, Inc.	$779K	15,476	+9,086	ADD
490	Wealth Alliance Advisory Group, LLC	$776K	15,416	0	NO CHANGE
491	Equitable Holdings, Inc.	$773K	20,431	−427	TRIM
492	Wilmington Savings Fund Society, FSB	$770K	15,299	−356	TRIM
493	Kathmere Capital Management, LLC	$767K	15,242	+4,048	ADD
494	Vise Technologies, Inc.	$766K	20,916	0	NO CHANGE
495	Concentric Capital Strategies, LP	$765K	15,200	+15,200	NEW
496	Atria Investments, Inc	$763K	15,156	−1,701	TRIM
497	TD Waterhouse Canada Inc.	$757K	15,763	+11,398	ADD
498	Manatuck Hill Partners, LLC	$755K	15,000	+5,800	ADD
499	Manske Wealth Management	$750K	14,899	−600	TRIM
500	CHESAPEAKE CAPITAL CORP /IL/	$748K	14,865	0	NO CHANGE

Newest filing in this build: 2026-07-31. Per-row filing dates are on each receipt.

Congress ↔ notable managers · DVN

who in Congress disclosed purchases or sales beside which notable managers added or trimmed

Congress · last 90 days

Buyers: 0 — —
Sellers: 2 Kevin Hern R–OK-1, Alan Armstrong R–OK $380K–$950K

filed 2026-07-03 → 2026-10-01 · totals are statutory ranges

Notable managers · quarter ended 2026-03-31

Adding: 1 Gotham Asset Management $49.3M held
Trimming: 2 Caxton Associates, Bridgewater Associates $246K held

NEW + ADD vs TRIM + EXIT, by shares · $ = reported value now, not the change · DEVON ENERGY CORP NEW

Merged timeline of congressional filings and notable-manager moves on DVN
Date	Who	Change	Size
2026-09-25	Kevin Hern Congress	SELL	$15K–$50K
2026-09-25	Kevin Hern Congress	SELL	$100K–$250K
2026-09-25	Kevin Hern Congress	SELL	$100K–$250K
2026-09-25	Kevin Hern Congress	SELL	$100K–$250K
2026-09-25	Kevin Hern Congress	SELL	$15K–$50K
2026-07-21	Alan Armstrong Congress	SELL	$50K–$100K
2026-05-15	Gotham Asset Management 13F	ADD	+27,876 sh
2026-05-15	Bridgewater Associates 13F	EXIT	−1,170,881 sh
2026-05-14	Caxton Associates 13F	TRIM	−2,220 sh

9 newest rows · every row dates by its filing date: a disclosure's, or the 13F's for the quarter · a 13F row is a quarter-end snapshot, not a trade

17 members of Congress disclosed DVN — the congressional view ↗

A 13F is a quarterly, long-only snapshot filed up to 45 days late — not current holdings. what a 13F covers ↗

13F reports cover LONG positions in Section 13(f) securities (US exchange-traded equities plus reportable options, warrants, certain convertibles) held by managers with at least $100M in such securities — so managers below that threshold are absent entirely. No short positions, no cash, no non-13(f) assets — not a full portfolio, and not a census of institutional ownership.

Positions are quarter-end snapshots filed up to 45 days late — not current holdings. A position may have been changed or closed before you ever see it, and is older still by however long ago that quarter ended.

Values are the manager's stated market value at quarter-end in era-dependent units (whole dollars for form versions effective 2023-01-03 onward, thousands before), normalized here to whole dollars with unit_basis carried on every record.

Affiliated managers may report the same position (otherManager), so one position can appear under more than one filer.

Positions under confidential treatment may be omitted until a later amendment discloses them.

These are disclosures, not investment advice (ARCHITECTURE.md §5.2 / M2-CONTRACT §5).